//To compile: g++ [source_code.cpp] -o [exec_file]
// replace [soure_code.cpp] with the filename, 
// replace [exec_file] with the executable file name
// i.e., g++ c++_basics.cpp -o run
//Note: if the output redirect is not given, i.e., the "-o [exec_file]" part is missing
//      then the default executable name is a.out

//To run the program, simply run the executable: ./[exec_file]
// i.e., ./a.out  (if your executable file is a.out)

#include <iostream> //input/output stream library
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>



using namespace std; 


void populate_array(int* arr, int size){
	//initialize / populate the array
	for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
	{
		arr[i] = rand() % 10; //0-9
	}
}

void print_array(int* arr, int size){
	//print out the array elements 
	for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
	{
		cout << arr[i]  << " ";
	}
	cout << endl;
}

int* create_dynarray1(int size){
	int* temp = new int [size];
	return temp;
}

void create_dynarray2(int** temp, int size){
	*temp = new int [size];
}

void create_dynarray3(int*& temp, int size){
	temp = new int [size];
}



//main function: entry point of the program
int main()
{	

	srand(time(NULL));

	//stack vs. heap
	int x = 100;
	cout << "addr of x: " << &x << endl;

	int *p = new int;
	cout << "p: " << p << endl;

	*p = 50;

	cout << *p << endl;

	delete p;
	p = nullptr; //0x0


	int size = 10; //usually comes from a user input
	//1D dyn array
	int *arr;
	arr = create_dynarray1(size); //an dynarray of 10 ints
	// create_dynarray2(&arr, size);
	// create_dynarray3(arr, size);




	populate_array(arr, size);
	print_array(arr, size);


	delete [] arr;
	arr = nullptr;


	return 0;
}